Tuesday, 18 August 2015

ALBANIA – A Road Trip: Apollonia and Durres

The road from Orikum to Vlorë, and thence to Durres and Tirana, is narrow and winding and hugs the shoreline.  It’s difficult to believe that this is one of the main routes that links Durres to Sarandë in the south, and because of the number of beach concessions between Orikum and Vlorë, the road is incredibly busy southbound in the morning, and northbound later in the afternoon.

We were fortunate in all our comings and goings, to be travelling in the opposite direction to the traffic.  This probably saved us a good deal of time as well as frustration.  We set off reasonably early and arrived in Apollonia by mid morning – it was another very hot day with temperatures in the high 30s Celcius, and we were glad to be visiting the ancient site before the weather got too hot.

Apollonia was a thriving port town about a kilometre from the Aoos River first settled in 588BC and by the middle of the 2nd century BC (Roman conquest) it was one of the starting points of the Via Egnatia linking the Adriatic Coast with Byzantium.  According to the guide book (“Albania” by Gillian Gloyer) Apollonia “in addition to its importance as a trading and military port, the Roman elite considered Apollonia a centre of higher learning” and “the young Octavian studied there before he was given the title of Augustus”.  Interestingly, Augustus awarded Apollonia the status of a ‘free and immune city’ which meant that they didn’t have to pay taxes and were at liberty to speak Greek and use their own coins.  The city began its decline after an earthquake shifted the course of the Aoos River far to the south, thus depriving the city of the port which had been the source of its affluence.


The church at Apollonia


The remains of the municipal building in Apollonia


The small 'private' theatre for the elite


                                The view from 'Hill 104' over Apollonia and the surrounding valley

The site was excavated by Leon Rey, a French archaeologist and his team between 1924 and 1938, and later, during the 1970s by an Albanian team of archaeologists.  The site is reasonably large but very well presented with boards showing drawings of what the various ruins represented and what they might have looked like at the peak of prosperity of Apollonia.  We spent a couple of hours wandering the ruins and then stopped for a cool drink in the shade of olive trees at the top of Hill 104 (it is 104m high) which would have been the temenos in ancient times.  The site also has an extensive and very well presented museum which can be visited for a small donation.  The museum is located in part of the monastery, with its 13th century church and 14th century refectory; we saw some lovely frescoes and the area is generally very well preserved.

It was early afternoon by the time we left Apollonia for the drive to Durres.  Fortunately part of the road north included an actually freeway so we reached our hotel in Durres by mid afternoon, just 90 minutes later. 

Hotel Ani was one of the three hotels I researched during my planning of the road trip and it came recommended as clean, comfortable and friendly.  The young man who checked us in showed us two rooms, one of which overlooked the main street, and the other, at the back of the hotel – we chose the back-facing room for a little less noise (even though we would have no view!).  The location of the hotel was such that we were a short walk from the main promenade area of town, across the street from the archaeological museum, and a 10 minute walk to the rest of the ancient sites in the city.  Perfect!


Tad and our new 'friend' the owner of the restaurant




                                                One of the many statues around Durres

As we knew the museum would be closed the next day (many museums around the world are closed on Mondays) we went across to check the opening times for later that day and were pleased to see that we could visit between 5pm and 8pm that evening.  So it was off to the beach for a swim and a cool-down, as well as a bite to eat.

The archaeological museum, once again, was beautiful built and laid out – unfortunately there are not a great deal of explanatory descriptions of the artefacts in English (or, it seems, in Albanian, either) but at least the provenance of the items was listed as well as dates so we could see what came from Apollonia, for example or what was excavated around Durres.

We went for a stroll around the promenade after our museum visit – the local people and visitors were all out in force –buying roasted corn on the cob, fairy floss, donuts, popcorn and sunflower seeds.  Midway rides were blaring and there was even a gypsy with a small bear on a lead (awful!) who would take photos for a small fee.  It was a lovely warm evening and we enjoyed mixing with the people before finding a nice spot to have some pizza for dinner.

The next morning we walked to the amphitheatre and made our way around the ancient site in the centre of town.  Durres was an important harbour as far back as the 7th century BC and became another of the two starting points of the Via Egnatia under Roman rule.  The amphitheatre which the Romans built was the largest in the Balkan peninsula, and is still rather well preserved.  Unfortunately the theatre is smack in the centre of town and has been built upon by some very unattractive homes – there are also some houses that are practically in ruins that should be purchased by the government and removed to extend the excavated area, in my humble opinion, but knowing how little money the government has access to, particularly for antiquities, this is unlikely to happen.  In Byzantine times, once the amphitheatre was no longer in regular use, one enterprising resident created a small chapel out of one of the galleries and there are still some lovely mosaics on the walls. 


The amphitheatre at Durres


The main square at Durres


One of the many mosaics around the city


Hotel Ani


The beach concession to the north of Durres


One of the leftover bunkers on the shoreline


View of Durres from the Tower Bar


We continued our wandering through downtown Durres to the main square which is modern and bright, to the old city walls, and the forum and baths thought to date to the 5th century AD.  There are also a number of Ottoman buildings scattered around this part of the city which we managed to locate on our wanderings.  We did not drive out to King Zog’s former palace as it is closed to visitors.

That afternoon, we drove a short distance north (about 30 minutes) to a more isolated and clean beach for the afternoon.  It was another steaming hot day and we were grateful for an umbrella and sunbeds on which to relax in between dips in the ocean.  In the evening, we mounted the narrow steps of the Tower Bar in town and enjoyed margaritas with a lovely view over the city.


No comments:

Post a Comment